Loris and potto conservation database: coauthor information

Phone: (619) 475-6813
E-mail: nycticebus@yahoo.com

Behavioral research specialist with accomplishments in management, reproduction and conservation of endangered species in captivity and in the wild. Skills in public relations and education through lectures, teaching, and public appearances. Extensive publications in scientific, popular, and educational media. Management experience includes staff development, recruitment, and training of technicians, students, and volunteers.
US Prosimian Taxon Advisory Group,

Publications

Educational background:
M.S., Animal Behavior, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 2000
B.S., Nutrition and Biology, Early Childhood Teaching Credential, Sacramento State University, Sacramento, CA, 1973
A.A., General Education, San Joaquin Delta College, Stockton, CA, 1971

Professional experience:
Zoological Society of San Diego - San Diego, CA 1981 - 2001, Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species (CRES): Associate Researcher / Behavioral Biology Research Manager.
Planned and developed research and conservation programs for endangered Asian primates. Wrote, edited, and published a husbandry manual for Asian lorises. Managed operation of research facilities for 35-50 primates and carnivores including over 10 species. Initiated, designed and acquired funds to build a nocturnal building, resulting in a state-of-the-art research facility for small prosimian primates. Developed an internationally-recognized research and breeding program for three loris species resulting in over 47 births.
Animal Behavior Specialist / Supervisor. Behavioral and reproductive research on lorises, lion-tailed macaques, Chinese golden monkeys, cheetahs, Tibetan macaques, red pandas, alligators, and other species. Designed breeding programs. Supervisor of cheetah breeding project at San Diego Wild Animal Park.
Historical studbooks for 6 primate species kept in zoos worldwide and in North America. Management and coordination of national captive breeding programs for endangered primates. Edited and published newsletters for three different conservation programs.
Primate field surveys in Vietnam.
Publications and websites see below.

Some field projects:

• Vietnam: Obtained funding, organized and conducted field surveys of primates in Song Thanh Nature Reserve (Oct.-Nov. 2001) and in Ben En National Park. (Feb.-Mar. 2001).

Second loris survey. It was done in Oct-Nov 2001 in Song Thanh Nature Reserve in southern Vietnam.
• Japan: Studied social and reproductive behavior of giant pandas at Ueno Zoo. Apr. 1999.
• Botswana & Zimbabwe: Scientific leader on San Diego Zoological Society sponsored African safari. Sep.-Oct. 1995.
• St. Catherine´s Island (Georgia): Studied social and foraging behavior of a group of free-ranging lion-tailed macaques Jul.-Aug 1992.
• China: Surveyed the Baihe Wildlife Reserve to evaluate site for future Golden Monkey research and proposed Primate Breeding Center. Sept.-Oct.1986.
• Borneo: Explored several wildlife reserves in West Kalimantan to photograph and study wild orangutans, proboscis monkeys and other primates. Jul.–Aug 1986.
• Kenya: Camp and Safari Aide for "Wildlife of East Africa" travel study courses offered through the University of the Pacific (U.O.P.) in Stockton, California. Dec.1979- Jan. 1980 and Dec.1978-Jan.1979.

Field assistant on a variety of research projects and collecting expeditions coordinated through the National Museums of Kenya. Feb.-Sept.1980.
Scientific Leader on San Diego Zoological Society sponsored African safari. Oct. 1983.

Studbooks:

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1998: Pygmy Loris International Studbook. Vol. I.  Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA.
Fitch-Snyder, H., 2002: Pygmy Loris International Studbook. Vol. II. Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1993 - 2000:  Asian Prosimian North American Regional Studbook , Vol. I - V. Slow loris (N. coucang), lesser slow loris (N. pygmaeus), slender loris (L. tardigradus), Western Tarsier (T. bancanus), Philippine tarsier (T. syrichta). Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA.
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Websites / online publications:

Fitch-Snyder, H., 2001: Survey of the loris in northern Vietnam.  Earlier published in: E-mail from the Edge, Conservation outpost, a Website by the Zoological Society of San Diego. Now new online edition available.

ABCNEWS.Com., 9 May 2001: Furry Primates at Risk - Tiny Primates at Risk in Darkness of Vietnam's Forests. In: http://abcnews.go.com/sections/scitech/DailyNews/endangered_pygmyloris010508.html. - No longer online

Husbandry manual for Asian Lorisines (H. Fitch-Snyder, H. Schulze, eds., 2001), online edition at http://www.loris-conservation.org/database/captive_care/manual/

Loris and potto conservation database: http://www.loris-conservation.org/database/

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Publications related to lorises or loris conservation in alphabetic order:

Fitch-Snyder, H., 2001: Vietnam: Joining Forces to Save Vietnam’s Lorises. CRES Report, Fall.

Fitch-Snyder, H.:, 2000: Reproductive Patterns in a Breeding Colony of Pygmy Lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus) measured by behavioral and physiological correlates of gonadal activity. Thesis,  San Diego State University, San Diego (CA). 75 pp.

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1999: Lorises: Surprising and Specialized Primates. ZOONOOZ 72 (2): 8-13.

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1998: Pygmy Loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus) Species Survival Plan 1998/1999 Masterplan. Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1995:  The Role of Studbooks in Conservation and Captive Management of Nocturnal Prosimians. In: Creatures of the Dark,. L. Alterman, M. Doyle, and K. Izard, (eds.) Plenum Press.

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1989: Behavioral and Reproductive Studies of the Slow Loris. ZOONOOZ, Vol. LXII, No. 2 (Febr.).

Fitch-Snyder, H., 1988: Slow Loris born at the San Diego Zoo. AAZPA Newsletter 29 (10): 15.

Fitch, H., 1983: A plan for the captive propagation of the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) at the San Diego Zoo. Unpublished.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Ehrlich, A., 2003:  Mother-infant interactions in slow lorises (Nycticebus coucang) and pygmy lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus). Folia Primatologica 74: 259-271.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Ehrlich, A.; Forney, K.; Gross, A., 1996: Behavioral Comparisons of Mother-Infant Combinations of Slow and Pygmy Lorises (Nycticebus coucang and Nycticebus pygmaeus). The XIXth Conference of the American Society of Primatologists, American Journal of Primatology No. 688.

Fitch-Snyder, H. ; Jurke, M. , 1998: Reproductive patterns in pygmy lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus): behavioral and physiological correlates of gonadal activity. Zoo Biology. 22: 15-32.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Jurke, M. S.; Jurke, S.; Tornatore, N., 1999: “Behavioral and Physiological Correlates of Reproduction in a Breeding Colony of Pygmy Lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus). American Journal of Primatology.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Lynch, C., 2002: Masterplan for Pygmy Lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus). Lincoln Park Zoological Park.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Perez, L., 1989: Correlation and Evaluation of Various Methods Used to Monitor Estrus in Two Subspecies of Lorisidae. American Journal of Primatology 18: 140.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Schulze H., editors,  Larson, L. ,compiler, et al.; 2001: Husbandry Manual for Asian Lorisines (Nycticebus & Loris SSP.) Zoological Society of San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Schulze, H.; Larson, L. ,compiler,  et al.; Vietnamese adaptation by Nguyên Xuân Dang; Dang Ngoc Cân, Institute for Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2001: Huóng Dân Ky Thuât Nuôi Cu Li Châu Á [Management of Lorises in captivity]. Vietnamese edition of a husbandry manual for Asian Loridae (Nycticebus & Loris spp.). Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112-0551.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Schulze, H.; Streicher, U., 2008: Enclosure design for captive slow and pygmy lorises. Pp 123-135 in: Shekelle. M.; Groves. C.; Maryanto. I.; Schulze. H.; Fitch-Snyder. H. (eds.): Primates of the oriental night - proceedings of the Indonesian Prosimian Workshop: Taxonomy, Husbandry, and Conservation, Jakarta, Indonesia, February 15-25, 2003. Special edition of Treubia, Bogor, Indonesia: Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences.
Fitch-Snyder, H.; Thanh, V. N., 2002: A Preliminary Survey of Lorises (Nycticebus Sp.) in Northern Vietnam. Asian Primates Vol. IIX No. 1 & 2.

Fitch-Snyder, H. ; Thanh, V. N., 2001: Survey of Lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus and N. coucang) in Ben En National Park, Northern Vietnam. American Journal of Primatology , Vol. 54, Sup. 1.

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Chen, J.-H.; Groves, C.; Wang, Y.-X.; Narushima, E.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Crow, P.; Thanh, V. N.; Ryder, O.; Zhang, H.-W.; Fu, Y.-X.; Zhang, Y.-P., 2006. Molecular phylogeny of Nycticebus inferred from mitochondrial genes. Int J  Primatol 27:1187-1200.

Fisher, H. S.; Swaisgood, R. R.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 2003: Odor familiarity and female preferences for males in a threatened primate, the pygmy lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus): applications for genetic management of small populations. Naturwissenschaften 90: 509-512.

Fisher, H. S.; Swaisgood, R. R.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 2003: Countermarking by male pygmy lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus): do females use odor cues to select mates with high competitive abilities?. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 53: 123-130.

Hagey, L.; Fry, B.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 2006. Talking defensively, a duel use for the brachial gland exudate of slow and pygmy lorises. Pp. 253-272 in: Gursky, S. L.; Nekaris, K. A. I. (eds.): Primate Anti-Predator Strategies. New York (NY): Springer Press.

Jurke, M., Czekala, N.M., Jurke, S., Hagey, L.R., Lance, V.A., Conley, A.J., and Fitch-Snyder, H., 1998: Monitoring Pregnancy in Twinning Pygmy Loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus) Using Fecal Estrogen Metabolites. American Journal of Primatology 46: 173-183.

Jurke, M., Czekala, N., and. Fitch-Snyder, H., 1997: Non-Invasive Detection and Monitoring of Estrus, Pregnancy, and the Postpartum Period in Pygmy Loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus). American Journal of Primatology 41: 103-115.

Jurke, M. H.; Czakala, N. M.; Fitch-Snyder, H. M., 1996: Non-Invasive Detection and Monitoring of Estrus, Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Pygmy Loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus). XVIth Congress of the International Primatological Society and the XIXth Conference of the American Society of Primatologists, No. 235. Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center.

McCann, C.; Buchanan-Smith, H.; Jones-Engel, L.; Farmer, K.; Prescott, M.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Taylor, S., 2008. Directrices internationales para la adquisición, el cuidado y la reproducción de primates no humanos. International Society of Primatologists. 81 p.

McCann, C.; Buchanan-Smith, H.; Jones-Engel, L.; Farmer, K.; Prescott, M.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Taylor, S., 2007. IPS international guidelines for the acquisition, care and breeding of nonhuman primates codes of practice for captive primates. International Society of Primatologists. 81 pp.

Pan, D.; Chen, J.-H.; Groves, C.; Wang, Y.-X.; Narushima, E.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Crow, P.; Jinggong, X.; Thanh, V. N.; Ryder, O.; Chemnick, L.; Zhang, H.-W.; Fu, Y.-X.; Zhang, Y.-P., 2007. Mitochondrial control region and population genetic patterns of Nycticebus bengalensis and N. pygmaeus. Int. J. Primatol. 28: 791-799.

Schulze, H.; Ramanathan, A.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Nekaris, K. A. I.; Singh, M.; Kaumanns, W., 2005: Care of rescued South Indian lorises with guidelines for hand-rearing infants. Pp 104-118 in: Menon, V.; Ashraf, N. V. K.; Panda, P.; Mainkar, K. (eds.): Back to the wild: studies in wildlife rehabilitation. New Delhi (India): Wildlife Trust of India.

Streicher, U.; Schulze, H.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 2008.Confiscation, rehabilitation and placement of slow lorises: recommendations to improve the handling of confiscated slow lorises Nycticebus coucang. Pp 137-145 in: Shekelle. M.; Groves. C.; Maryanto. I.; Schulze. H.; Fitch-Snyder. H. (eds.): Primates of the oriental night - proceedings of the Indonesian Prosimian Workshop: Taxonomy, Husbandry, and Conservation, Jakarta, Indonesia, February 15-25, 2003. Special edition of Treubia, Bogor, Indonesia: Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences.

Tenaza, R.; Fitch, H., 1984: The Slow Loris. ZOONOOZ, Vol. LVIII, No. 4 (Apr.).

Thanh, V. N.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 2003: Status, conservation and management of South-east Asian lorises (Nycticebus ssp.). Abstract. International Symposium: Conservation of Primates in Vietnam. Cuc Phuong National Park, 18th - 20th November 2003.

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Other publications (not loris-related)
 

Scientific:

Lindburg, D. and Fitch-Snyder, H., 1994: The Use of Behavior to Evaluate Reproductive Problems in Mammals. Zoo Biology 13: 433-445.

Fitch-Snyder, H. and Lance, V. "Behavioral Observations of Lithophagy in Captive Juvenile Alligators." Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 335-337, 1993.
 

Tenaza, R., Fitch, H., Lindburg, D. "Vocal Behavior of Captive Sichuan Golden Monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana)." American Journal of Primatology, 14:1-9, 1988.

Fitch, H., Coen, R., Lindburg, D., Robinson, P, Hajik, P., Heselink, J., Crutchfield, S. "Cerebral Palsy in a Macaque Monkey." American Journal of Primatology, 14:181-187, 1988.

Fitch, H. M. and Fagan, D. A. "Focal Palatine Erosion Associated With Dental Malocclusion in Captive Cheetahs." Zoo Biology 1:295-310, 1982
 

Book Chapters:

Fitch-Snyder, H. “History of Captive Conservation of Tarsiers.” In: Tarsiers: Past, Present, and Future. P. Wright, S. Gursky, E. Simons, (eds.) Rutgers University Press, 2002.

Fitch, H., Millard, S., Tenaza, R. "Cheetahs." In Wild in the City: The Best of Zoonooz. W. Wade (ed.) San Diego Zoo/Wild Animal Park, 1985.

Lindburg, D., Shideler, S. and Fitch, H. "Sexual Behavior in Relation to Time of Ovulation in the Lion-tailed Macaque." In: The Lion-tailed Macaque, P. Hetne (ed.), Alan Liss, Inc., 1985.
 
 

Abstracts and Conference Proceedings:

Fitch, H. M.;. Fagan, D. A., 1981: Focal Palatine Erosion Associated With Diets of the Captive Cheetah. Cheetah Conference, Winston, OR..

Fitch, H. M.; Lindburg, D. G. , 1986: Birth Observations in a Lion-tailed Macaque. Second International Symposium on the Lion-tailed Macaque. Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle, WA.

Fitch, H., Tenaza, R. ; Lindburg, D. , 1987: Vocal Communication in Captive Chinese Golden Monkeys, Rhinopithecus roxellanae. American Journal of Primatology 12 (3).

Fitch, H. ; Tenaza, R.; Lindburg, D. , 1987: Vocal Communication in Captive Golden Monkeys. American Society of Primatologists Annual Meeting, Madison, WI.

Fitch, H., Tenaza, R.;  Lindburg, D., 1985: “Behavior of a Pair of Chinese Golden Monkeys (Pygathrix [Rhinopithecus] roxellanae).” Proceedings of AZA National Conference, Columbus, OH, pp. 448-451..

Fitch, H., Tenaza, R., and Lindburg, D., 1985:  “Vocalizations and Behavior of Captive Golden Monkeys (Pygathrix [Rhinopithecus] roxellanae).” American Journal of Primatology 8 (4).

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Forney, K., 1994: How a Bar Code Scoring System can be Used to Collect Behavioral Data in a Zoo Setting. Proceedings of AZA Regional Conference, Stockton, CA. 1994.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Harvey, N.; Lindburg, D.; Tornatore, N. , 1997: Adult/Infant Affiliative Interactions in Tibetian Macaques Housed in a Small Social Group. American Journal of Primatology, Vol. 42: 110.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Lindburg, D. , 1991: The Use of Parturition Studies to Improve Reproductive Success in the Lion-Tailed Macaque. Proceedings of AZA National Conference, San Diego, CA.

Fitch-Snyder H.; Lindburg, D., 1991: Birth Observations of the Lion-Tailed Macaque, Macaca silenus. American Society of Primatologists Annual Meeting, Veracruz, Mexico.

Fitch-Snyder, H.; Lindburg, D., 1991: Birth Observations of the Lion-Tailed Macaque Macaca silenus. American Journal of Primatology, Vol. 24 (2).

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Clarke, S.; Odgen, J.; .Lindburg, D.; Olsen, T.; Fitch, H., 1987: Social and Sexual Behavior in Captive Golden Monkeys. American Journal of Primatology 12 (3).

Fiotello, C.; Fagen, D.; Oosterhuis, J.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 1997: Use of CT Imaging and Three-Dimensional Color Reconstruction for Comparison of Cranial Anatomy and Density in Captive and Wild Cheetahs. American Association of Zoo Vets. Annual Meeting, Houston, TX.

Lindburg, D.G.; Fitch-Snyder, H., 1988: Priorities and Directions in Zoo Behavioral Research. Proceedings, AZA National Conference, 1988.

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Other

Carter, S, Fitch-Snyder, H., Harmon, L., Wilson, K. Macaque Masterplan. Detroit Zoological Institute, 2002.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “Why Do Baby Cheetahs Have Blue Fur?” Africa Quest, Classroom Connect 2000.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “Golden Monkey Lip Flanges.” Asia Quest, Classroom Connect 1998.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “At Last–Red Panda Babies in San Diego!” ZOONOOZ 71(1) 6-11, 1997.

Fitch-Snyder, H. and Carter, J. “Tool Use to Acquire Drinking Water by a Free Ranging Group of Lion-tailed Macaques (Macaca silenus.)” Laboratory Primate Newsletter, Vol. 32, No. 1, Jan. 1993.

Fitch-Snyder, H. and Lindburg, D. “Nighttime is the Norm: Labor and Birth in the Lion-tailed Macaque.” ZOONOOZ, Vol. LXIII-No. 5, 1990.

Lindburg, D, Fitch-Snyder, H., Harvey, N. “Lion-tailed Macaques on the Road to Survival (But Does it Lead Home)?” ZOONOOZ , Vol. LXIII-No.5, 1990.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “Macaque Monkey Mischief.” Koala Club News, Vol. 16(3), 3rd Quarter, 1989.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “San Diego Exhibit Opens.” Lion-Tales, Vol. 6(1), Summer, 1989.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “What Big Eyes You Have.” Koala Club News, Vol. 15(4), 4th Quarter, 1988.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “New Lion-tailed Macaque Exhibit.” Zoo View, September, 1988.

Fitch-Snyder, H. “Environmental Factors Influencing Captive Reproduction of Cheetahs.” Cheetah SSP Husbandry Manual, 1988.

Fitch, H. "Cerebral Palsy in a Lion-tailed Macaque." ZOONOOZ, Vol. LX-No. 3, 1987.

Fitch, H., Lindburg, D., Tenaza, R. “China's Golden Ventriloquists.” ZOONOOZ, Vol. LX-No. 4, April. 1987.

Savage, S. and Fitch, H. “Foster Parenting.” Lion-Tales 3(2), 1987.

Fitch, H. “Lion-tailed Macaque Birth Observations.” Lion-Tales 3(3-4), 1986.

Fitch, H. “Farouk” Update.” Lion-Tales 2(1), 1985.

Fitch, H. “Cerebral Palsy Infant.” Lion-Tales 2(2), 1985.

Fitch, H. “Another Look at Surplus Animals.” Lion-Tails 2(4), 1985.

Fitch, H., S. Millard, R. Tenaza. “Cheetahs.” ZOONOOZ, Vol. LVIII-No. 5, 1985.

Fitch, H. “Baby Lion-tailed Macaque Being Raised by Surrogate 'Mom'.” Lion-Tales 1(1), 1984.

Fitch, H. “Reptile Collecting in Kenya.” San Diego Herpetological Society Newsletter 5(5), 1983.

Fitch, H. “Chameleons in East Africa, Fact and Fiction.” San Diego Herpetological Society Newsletter 5 (6), 1983.

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